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Practical Electronics Editorial offices Electron Publishing (Aust.) Tel +61 2 9939 3295 Unit 1, 234 Harbord Road Email pe<at>pemag.au Brookvale NSW 2100 Web www.electronpublishing.com Australia Address mail to: Electron Publishing (Australia) PO Box 194, Matraville NSW 2036 Australia Advertising enquiries +61 2 9939 3295 pe<at>pemag.au Editor Nicholas Vinen Publisher Nicholas Vinen Digital subscriptions Stewart Kearn Tel 01202 880299 Online Editor Alan Winstanley Web Systems Kris Thain Production Bao Smith Technical staff Tim Blythman, John Clarke Print subscriptions Practical Electronics Subscriptions PO Box 6337 Bournemouth BH1 9EH Tel 01202 087631 United Kingdom Email pesubs<at>selectps.com Technical enquiries We regret that technical enquiries cannot be answered over the telephone. We are unable to offer any advice on the use, purchase, repair or modification of commercial equipment or the incorporation or modification of designs published in the magazine. Questions about articles or projects should be sent to the editor by email: pe<at>pemag.au Projects and circuits All reasonable precautions are taken to ensure that the advice and data given to readers is reliable. We cannot, however, guarantee it and we cannot accept legal responsibility for it. Some projects and circuits published in Practical Electronics employ voltages that can be lethal. Do not build, test, modify or fix any mains-powered equipment unless you fully understand the safety aspects involved and you use an RCD (GFCI) adaptor. Component supplies Silicon Chip Publications may offer kits or other parts for making our projects, but not in all cases. When kits are not available, readers will need to find and source parts themselves. We advise readers to check that all parts are still available before commencing any project in a back-dated issue. Advertisements Although the proprietors and staff of Practical Electronics take reasonable precautions to protect the interests of readers by ensuring as far as practicable that advertisements are bona fide, the magazine and its publishers cannot give any undertakings in respect of statements or claims made by advertisers, whether these advertisements are printed as part of the magazine, or in inserts. The Publishers regret that under no circumstances will the magazine accept liability for non-receipt of goods ordered, or for late delivery, or for faults in manufacture. Transmitters/bugs/telephone equipment We advise readers that certain items of radio transmitting and telephone equipment which may be advertised in our pages cannot be legally used in the UK. Readers should check the law before buying any transmitting or telephone equipment, as a fine, confiscation of equipment and/or imprisonment can result from illegal use or ownership. The laws vary from country to country; readers should check local laws. 2 Volume 54. No. 1 January 2025 ISSN 2632 573X Editorial Two new series for the magazine I mentioned last month that I was working on getting UK-based authors of previous popular series back into the magazine and that they would hopefully resume by the middle of 2025. In the meantime, we have a couple of new series that I think PE readers will find quite interesting – I do, anyway. The first is a six-part series on the people who laid the groundwork for electronic theory and their discoveries. We created this series because we realised that there was so much theory behind what we do that we don’t often think or write about, but it is important nonetheless. You will likely have heard the names of many people mentioned in the articles: Huygens, Galvani, Coulomb, Volta, Laplace, Dalton, Seebeck, Ampère, Gauss, Ohm, Faraday, Morse, Henry, Weber, von Siemens, Joule, Bequerel, Lord Kelvin, Kirchhoff, Maxwell, Crookes, Röntgen, Bell, Edison, Weston, Tesla, Marconi, Einstein, Yagi, Baird and Armstrong to name a few. But there are far more you likely won’t know of. The second is an educational series on Precision Electronics that will likely end up with nine parts, although that could vary. It contains a mix of practical knowledge and light theory that helps to explain how to go about designing circuits for precision measurement. You will find it somewhat similar to Circuit Surgery or Audio Out but on a different topic. One thing I particularly like about this series is that he performs some calculations to show what sort of precision we can expect from various circuit configurations, then actually builds those circuits and measures them. So you find out exactly how well the theory matches up to the reality by the end of each instalment. The author of that series has also designed major projects for us in the past and has a few good ones coming up that will likely be published later this year. He also designed circuits professionally for a number of years. It’s great to have people with such hands-on backgrounds writing articles for the magazine. Nicholas Vinen, Electron Publishing (Australia)* Publisher & Editor, Practical Electronics Magazine * a division of Silicon Chip Publications Pty Ltd. Practical Electronics | January | 2025