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Practical Electronics Volume 53. No. 9 September 2024 ISSN 2632 573X Contents Projects and Circuits Build Your Own Calibrated Microphones by Phil Prosser 14 This phantom-powered, balanced and calibrated microphone is ideal for measurement applications but is also great for recording work. You can choose from multiple different microphone capsules that can be calibrated to produce an almost flat response. 30 Modern PIC Programming Adaptor by Nicholas Vinen Program most newer PIC microcontrollers out-of-circuit with this PIC Programming Adaptor. It works using a PICkit or SNAP programmer and suits 8- to 40-pin micros. With external adaptors, you program SMD chips in SOIC, SSOP or TSSOP packages. 60 Salad Bowl Speakers by Phil Prosser These stylish speakers are surprisingly good performers considering they’re made using salad bowls from IKEA. They are simple to build but they can handle 50W RMS per channel. Series, Features and Columns Techno Talk by Max The Magnificent Artificial intelligences (AIs) are appearing everywhere. 4 The Fox Report by Barry Fox Cautionary food for thought 6 Net Work by Alan Winstanley The impacts of Artificial Intelligence on society, practical tips for online security and protecting data, plus more news on the Space Race and the faltering EV market. 8 26 Using Electronic Modules – 1.3-inch monochrome OLED by Jim Rowe This 128x64 pixel, 1.3in (33mm) OLED display module is perfect for driving with an Arduino or Micromite due to its wide availability, I2C interface and low cost. Circuit Surgery by Ian Bell Digital Signal Processing – Filter Requirements 41 Audio Out by Jake Rothman Audio switching Part 4 – real electronic switching 46 Max’s Cool Beans by Max The Magnificent Connecting batteries in series/parallel and BCD to 7-segment decoders 52 Teach-In 2024 – Learn electronics with the ESP32 by Mike Tooley Part 7 – Telling the Time 70 Regulars and Services Made in Australia & the UK. Written in Britain, Australia, the USA and Ireland. Read everywhere. © Silicon Chip Publications Pty Ltd 2024 Copyright in all drawings, photographs, articles, technical designs, software and intellectual property published in Practical Electronics is fully protected, and reproduction or imitation in whole or in part are expressly forbidden. The October 2024 issue of Practical Electronics will be published on Thursday, 5 September 2024 – see page 80. Practical Electronics | September | 2024 Editorial Hello from the other side of the planet Reader services – Editorial and Advertising Departments Teach-In bundle – what a bargain! Subscribe to Practical Electronics and save money Practical Electronics back issue downloads Wireless for the Warrior Direct Book Service Practical Electronics PCB Service PCBs for Practical Electronics projects Classified ads and Advertiser index Next month! – highlights of our next issue of Practical Electronics 2 2 5 13 45 59 69 76 79 80 Please note: from 1st of July 2024, subscriptions and renewals paid by PayPal, Visa and Mastercard are now handled via our website: https://www.electronpublishing.com/ Click the Subscriptions link at the top of the page. Select Publishing Services will continue to handle renewals via phone, cheque and mail. 1